J.+Robert+Oppenheimer


 * //By: Ashley and Nathan//**

Julius Robert Oppenheimer was born in New York City on April 22,1904.His father was Julius S. Oppenheimer was a wealthy German textile merchant. His Mother was Ella Friedman was an artist of Jewish descent but didn’t observe religious traditions. At The Ethical Culture Society School, he studied but then went to Harvard in 1922 to become a chemist but then became a physicist.He took math and science, but he also studied Greek, Latin, French, and German. He loved languages. He often learned a language just to read something in it’s original language. He learned Dutch in 6 weeks to give a technical talk in the Netherlands. He also was interested in classics and eastern philosophy throughout his lifetime. He was an intense person. Tall, thin, contemplative, and probing. After an oral exam he had taken for his PhD his professor said “Phew, I’m glad that’s over. He was on the point of questioning me.” He got his PhD in germany after he graduated from Harvard in 1925 and studying at Cambridge University under Ernest RutherfordHe’s theoretical work during the late 1920’s ,through the 1930’s has been unfairly dismissed as second rate. In 1927,he solved a knotty problem calculations pertaining to subatomic particles. He concluded that the vibrations pertaining to spin of protons could be ignored.In 1928, He demonstrated that,when get excited ,they could “tunnel” their way through the electrostatic forces that bound them to a nucleus.In 1941 Oppenheimer became officially involved in the atomic bomb project. This became known as the Manhattan engineer district project. November 1942 he was appointed Director of what was to become the Los Alamos Laboratory. General Leslie Groves selected him in spite of Oppenheimer’s past associations with left wing organization. Oppenheimer was an effective organizer due to his ability to quickly understand the scientific ideas and for his personal charisma. He welcomed the chance to support the war, and he found the project “technically sweet”.

In 1940,He Married Katherine Puening Harrison. Peter and Katherine were their two children. When the first test explosion of the atomic bomb,he was reminded of a passage from the Hindu sacred text in the Bhagavad Gita:”I am Death, Destroyer Of Worlds. American theoretical physicist and science administrator, noted as director of the Los Alamos laboratory during development of the [|**atomic bomb**] (1943–45) and as director of the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton (1947–66). Accusations of disloyalty led to a government hearing that resulted in the loss of his __security clearance__ and of his position as adviser to the highest echelons of the U.S. government. The case became a cause célèbre in the __world of science__ because of its implications concerning political and moral issues relating to the role of scientists in government.__Oppenheimer__ was the son of a German immigrant who had made his fortune by importing textiles in [|**New York City**]. During his undergraduate studies at [|**Harvard University**], __Oppenheimer__ excelled in Latin, Greek, physics, and chemistry, published poetry, and studied Oriental philosophy. After graduating in 1925, he sailed for England to do research at the [|**Cavendish Laboratory**] at the [|**University of Cambridge**], which, under the leadership of [|**Lord Ernest Rutherford**], had an international reputation for its pioneering studies on [|**atomic structure**]. At the Cavendish, Oppenheimer had the opportunity to collaborate with the British scientific community in its efforts to advance the cause of atomic research.[|**Max Born**] invited Oppenheimer to Göttingen University, where he met other prominent physicists, such as [|**Niels Bohr**] and [|**P.A.M. Dirac**], and where, in 1927, he received his doctorate. After short visits at science centres in Leiden and Zürich, he returned to the [|**United States**] to teach physics at the [|**University of California**] at Berkeley and the [|**California Institute of Technology**].

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